An array is a collection of similar data types that store items in contiguous memory locations. It is also known as the Subscripted variable.
Arrays are very powerful data structures that store lists of elements
Arrays are classified as Homogeneous Data Structures because they store elements of the same type. They can store numbers, strings, boolean values (true and false), characters, objects, and so on.
But once you define the type of values that your array will store, all its elements must be of that same type. You can’t mix different types of data.
For example, an int data type array stores int type elements while a char array contains char type elements. Following are the important terminology to understand the concept of Array.
Index − Each element is stored in a specific numerical location this is known as index.
- Element – Each item stored in an array or subscripted variable is known as an element.
zero-based indexing  −  The first element is indexed by the subscript of 0
one-based indexing − The first element is indexed by the subscript of 1
- subscript – index number is also known as a subscript.